Ubuntu Minikube deploy Kubernetes
Life was like a box of chocolates, you never know what you're going to get.
生命就像一盒巧克力，结果往往出人意料 ——《阿甘正传》
1. 关闭swap
swapoff -a
2. 安装依赖tools
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common conntrack
由于国内网络的不稳定性，我们需要将相关镜像源切换为国内阿里云的镜像
3. 添加阿里云镜像
curl -fsSL https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
cat <<EOF >/etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main
EOF
sudo apt-get update
4. 安装 Docker、kubectl、kubeadm
#查看docker版本
$ sudo apt-cache madison docker.io
docker.io | 19.03.6-0ubuntu1~18.04.3 | http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 Packages
docker.io | 19.03.6-0ubuntu1~18.04.2 | http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe amd64 Packages
docker.io | 17.12.1-0ubuntu1 | http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages
sudo apt-get install -y docker.io kubectl kubeadm
5. 配置阿里云 Docker 镜像加速器
这里采用了阿里云的镜像加速器（需要阿里云账号进行登录），地址：阿里云 -> 容器镜像服务 -> 镜像工具 -> 镜像加速器
sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://xxxxxx.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker
以上配置是阿里云镜像加速器中的配置，本文中这一块儿是直接从阿里云镜像加速器中的配置说明复制的，大家根据自己的情况在阿里云镜像加速器中去复制。
6. 安装 Minikube
目前最新 v1.24.0，查看最新版：https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/releases 如果curl无法下载，也可以通过手动下载并上传到服务器的形式
curl -Lo minikube https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/releases/download/v1.17.1/minikube-linux-amd64 && chmod +x minikube && sudo mv minikube /usr/local/bin/
使用 Minikube 创建 Kubernetes 格式1
minikube start --vm-driver=none --apiserver-ips=<your-server-ip> --image-mirror-country cn \
--iso-url=https://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/minikube/iso/minikube-v1.17.1.iso \
--registry-mirror=https://xxxxxx.mirror.aliyuncs.com \
--image-repository=https://registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
此处的 registry-mirror 是阿里云的镜像加速器的 mirror，换成你自己的即可; apiserver-ips 则是你服务器的IP，我的是https://q2hy3fzi.mirror.aliyuncs.com，因为如果需要远程访问的话，需要将服务器的IP进行暴露，同样换成你自己的服务器IP即可.
执行命令：
minikube start --vm-driver=none --apiserver-ips=192.168.211.55 --image-mirror-country cn --iso-url=https://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/minikube/iso/minikube-v1.17.1.iso --registry-mirror=https://q2hy3fzi.mirror.aliyuncs.com --image-repository=https://registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
输出内容：
* minikube v1.17.1 on Ubuntu 18.04
* Using the none driver based on existing profile
X The requested memory allocation of 1970MiB does not leave room for system overhead (total system memory: 1970MiB). You may face stability issues.
* Suggestion: Start minikube with less memory allocated: 'minikube start --memory=1970mb'
* Starting control plane node minikube in cluster minikube
* Restarting existing none bare metal machine for "minikube" ...
* OS release is Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS
* Preparing Kubernetes v1.20.2 on Docker 19.03.6 ...
- kubelet.resolv-conf=/run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf
- Generating certificates and keys ...
- Booting up control plane ...
- Configuring RBAC rules ...
* Configuring local host environment ...
*
! The 'none' driver is designed for experts who need to integrate with an existing VM
* Most users should use the newer 'docker' driver instead, which does not require root!
* For more information, see: https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/reference/drivers/none/
*
! kubectl and minikube configuration will be stored in /root
! To use kubectl or minikube commands as your own user, you may need to relocate them. For example, to overwrite your own settings, run:
*
- sudo mv /root/.kube /root/.minikube $HOME
- sudo chown -R $USER $HOME/.kube $HOME/.minikube
*
* This can also be done automatically by setting the env var CHANGE_MINIKUBE_NONE_USER=true
* Verifying Kubernetes components...
* Enabled addons: storage-provisioner, default-storageclass
* Done! kubectl is now configured to use "minikube" cluster and "default" namespace by default
如果不出意外的话，由 minikube 创建的单机 Kubernetes 环境就成功了。
7. 检查
root@spectre:~# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
spectre Ready control-plane,master 68s v1.20.2
root@spectre:~# kubectl get pods -A
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-system coredns-7f89b7bc75-774mp 1/1 Running 0 5m53s
kube-system etcd-spectre 1/1 Running 0 6m7s
kube-system kube-apiserver-spectre 1/1 Running 0 6m7s
kube-system kube-controller-manager-spectre 1/1 Running 0 6m7s
kube-system kube-proxy-swbhc 1/1 Running 0 5m53s
kube-system kube-scheduler-spectre 1/1 Running 0 6m7s
kube-system storage-provisioner 1/1 Running 0 6m6s
root@spectre:~# kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes control plane is running at https://192.168.211.55:8443
KubeDNS is running at https://192.168.211.55:8443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns:dns/proxy
To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'.
8. 常用命令
# 进入集群节点
minikube ssh
# 查看节点 IP
minikube ip
# 停止集群
minikube stop
# 删除集群
minikube delete
9.异常
9.1 部署异常
storage-provisioner Pod镜像名称错误 解决方法
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/storage-provisioner:v5
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/storage-provisioner:v5 registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/k8s-minikube/storage-provisioner:v5
minikube image load registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/k8s-minikube/storage-provisioner:v5
10. 部署应用程序
创建一个示例部署并在端口 8080 上公开它：
kubectl create deployment hello-minikube --image=registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/echoserver:1.4
deployment.apps/hello-minikube created
kubectl expose deployment hello-minikube --type=NodePort --port=8080
kubectl get services hello-minikube
11. 集群启动与停止
当我们需要修改docker配置等需要集群停止的需求可以执行命令：
minikube stop
当修改完配置
minikube start
参考：